ABSTRACT
Introduction: Transient intraocular pressure rise is acommonly observed phenomenon following Nd:YAGcapsulotomy. However, IOP change is considered to bedependent on multiple factors. Study aimed to assess factorsdetermining the IOP change following Nd:YAG capsulotomy.Material and Methods:A total of 150 adult patients, scheduledto undergo Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for management ofposterior chamber opacification (PCO) were enrolled. Age,gender, time since cataract surgery, PCO grade, IOP, topicalhypotensive use was noted in all the cases. Amount of energyused in Nd:YAG procedure was recorded. Postoperative IOPchange was noted immediately, 1 hr and 3 hr postoperativeintervals. Rise >5 mm was considered clinically significant.Independent samples ‘t’-test, Chi-square test and binarylogistic regression were used. Data analysis was performedusing SPSS 15.0 software.Results: Mean age of patients was 60±11.3 years. Majoritywere females (59.3%). Majority of patients had Grade I andII of PCO (64%), 5-10 years duration since cataract surgery(79.3%) and topical hypotensive use was done(58%).Preoperative mean IOP was 15.99±2.72 mmHg. Energyused was 55.7±52.7 mJ. A total of 19 (12.7%) patients hadIOP rise >5 mm. On univariate analysis, Grade III or abovePCO, higher level of total energy use and low hypotensive usewere found to be significantly associated with IOP rise. Onmultivariate assessment, low hypotensive use and high energyuse were found to be significantly associated with clinicallysignificant IOP rise (p<0.05).Conclusions: Low energy and prophylactic topicalhypotensives were protective against IOP rise.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Use of LED based devices is increasingsubstantially in recent years, however, these devices couldhave an adverse effect on ocular health. Study aimed toevaluate the relationship between direct exposure to LED andocular symptoms.Material and Methods: The data was collected from secondaryschool students studying in a girls’ college at Bareilly duringan eye camp organized by Muskaan Foundation. Only girlshaving known intact vision (BCVA 6-6/6-9) were enrolledin the study. A total of 536 girls were enrolled in the study.Average daily direct exposure <3-4 hours was categorized asunexposed while those having >3-4 hours daytime or 1-2 hrsor more night time exposure were categorized as exposed. Theexposed girls were divided into day exposed and night exposedrespectively. Ocular symptoms were noted. Chi-square testand ANOVA were calculated using SPSS 21.0 software.Results: Mean age of girls was 17.02±1.42 (Range 15-19)years. A total of 298 (55.5%) had direct exposure to LED.Prevalence of ocular symptoms like headache, pain in eyes,blurring, floaters, burning sensation and eye fatigue was34.3%, 34.1%, 26.3%, 24.3%, 41.6% and 39% respectively.Total No. of symptomatic girls was 387 (72.2%) A significantincrease in ocular symptoms was observed from unexposed todaytime and to night exposed girls (p<0.001). Mean numberof total symptoms also showed a significant increasing trendfrom unexposed to nighttime exposure (p<0.001).Conclusion: Direct LED light exposure for a substantialperiod, particularly during night time is detrimental to ocularhealth.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Contrary to previous belief many studies published now have shown that myomectomy during cesarean section (CS) is a safe procedure with no significant increased risk of intra and postoperative complications. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in antennal mothers from May09 to Sep 10 in a tertiary care hospital of Uttar Pradesh after taking institutional ethical committee approval. Diagnosis of myoma was confirmed by ultrsonography. Only those mothers were included in the study who gave the informed consent to participate in study. Cesarean myomectomy was planned in all mothers having myoma. Operative time, intraoperative haemorrhage and length of hospital stay of mothers having myoma were compared to matched pregnant women with CS alone (28cases). Data were collected on a questionnaire and analyzed by appropriate test of significance. Results: Out of 966 antenatal mothers registered during the study period myoma was detected in 14(1.18%) cases. Mean age mothers of having myoma were 27.08 years and 61.54% were primigravida and only 23.08 % were third gravida. In 61.54% mother’s parity was zero and only 15.39 % mothers were having parity two. Mean haemoglobin was 10.56 gm%. In all cases presentation of foetus was vertex. In 92.3% mothers location of myoma was at anterior wall and subserous and in 7.7% cases it was fundal . Size of myoma was less than 3.0 Cm in 38.50 cases , 3.1 Cm to 5.0 Cm in 23.1% cases and more than 5.1 Cm in 38.4% cases. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative haemorrhage and length of hospital stay in comparison to matched pregnant women with CS alone. Postnatal period was uneventful and complication like PPH was nil in all in cesarean myomectomy cases. Conclusion: caesarean myomectomy can be safely performed in majority of patients with myomas without any serious or life threatening complication.